ABSTRACT
The crude glycerin is a byproduct of the biodiesel industry which has high levels of glycerol and can be utilized by ruminants for obtaining energy. This research was conducted in order to evaluate the performance, carcass characteristics and economic feasibility of lambs fed diets containing crude glycerin replacing ground corn. 24 non-castrated lambs (Pantaneiro racial grouping) at 90 days of age and average body weight of 20.02 ± 1.5 kg were used. We evaluated diets containing 0, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5% inclusion of crude glycerin on dry matter of the diet replacing ground corn. The parameters evaluated were the consumption of dry matter and nutrients, weight gain, feed conversion, biometric measurements in vivo and carcass characteristics, in addition to the cost of the diet based on the carcass production. Animals reduced dry matter intake as doses of crude glycerin were increased. However, no differences to the weight gain of the animals were observed. Thus, animals fed crude glycerin showed better feed conversion rates and lower feeding cost which contributed to higher profit margin of the diets with crude glycerin. It is concluded that at the doses tested, the crude glycerin can be used in the diet of finishing lambs, however only at the level of 7.5% becomes economically feasible.
A glicerina bruta é um subproduto da indústria do biodiesel que apresenta elevados teores de glicerol que podem ser utilizados pelos ruminantes para obtenção de energia. Esta pesquisa foi realizada com o objetivo de se avaliar o desempenho, características de carcaça e viabilidade econômica de cordeiros alimentados com dietas contendo glicerina bruta em substituição ao grão de milho triturado. Foram utilizados 24 cordeiros não castrados do grupamento racial "Pantaneiro", com 90 dias de idade e peso corporal médio de 20,02±1,5 kg. Avaliou-se dietas contendo 0, 2,5, 5,0 e 7,5% de inclusão de glicerina bruta na matéria seca da dieta em substituição ao grão de milho triturado. Os parâmetros avaliados foram: consumo de matéria seca e de nutrientes, ganho de peso, conversão alimentar, medidas biométricas in vivo e características da carcaça, além do custo da dieta em função da produção de carcaça. Os animais reduziram o consumo de matéria seca à medida que aumentaram as doses de glicerina bruta. No entanto não foram observadas diferenças com relação ao ganho de peso dos animais. Desta forma os animais alimentados com glicerina bruta apresentaram melhores índices de conversão alimentar e menor custo com a alimentação o que contribuiu para maior margem de lucro das dietas com glicerina bruta. Conclui-se que nas doses testadas a glicerina bruta pode ser utilizada na dieta de cordeiros em terminação.
Subject(s)
Animals , Ruminants , Sheep , Efficiency , Glycerol , Animal FeedABSTRACT
Background The aim of the present study was to assess the genetic diversity of Pantaneiro sheep, using microsatellite markers, in order to assist maintenance and management plans, enhance mating systems and reduce the inbreeding rate. A total of 127 animals were genotyped at eight microsatellite loci. They belonged to populations from the Experimental Farm of the Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD) (Dourados/MS/Brazil) and Embrapa Pantanal (Corumbá/MS/Brazil). Results The population of Pantaneiro sheep from the UFGD exhibited a high mean number of alleles (11.13) and allelic richness (10.66). The polymorphic information content was highly informative in the locus studied, resulting in a mean value of 0.71. Observed heterozygosity was lower than expected for all molecular markers assessed. The analysis of molecular variance showed a differentiation rate of 5.2% between populations. Conclusions The results of the statistical parameters indicated that populations of Pantaneiro sheep require special attention on herd management, and it's further necessary to implement breeder exchange programs in order to preserve the genetic variability of these populations. Furthermore, the maintenance of those populations in their typical habitats is rather required to allow different responses from the herds to the interactions between genotype and environment.
Subject(s)
Animals , Sheep/genetics , Microsatellite Repeats , Phylogeny , Polymorphism, Genetic , Genetic Variation , Brazil , Breeding , Adaptation, Physiological , Analysis of Variance , HeterozygoteABSTRACT
O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar diferentes doses de efluente de abatedouro avícola para proporcionar melhorias nas características produtivas, morfogênicas e estruturais do capim-piatã. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, adotando-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em que foram testadas cinco doses de efluentes: 324, 648, 972, 1.296 e 1620m³ ha-1 ou equivalente a 50, 100, 150, 200 e 250kg ha-1 de N. As variáveis mensuradas foram: produção de matéria seca (MS), taxa de aparecimento de folha (TApF), taxa de alongamento de folha (TAlF), filocrono, taxa de alongamento de pseudocolmo (TAlC), comprimento final de folha (CFF) e números de folhas verdes (NFV). A produção de MS seguiu um modelo linear de predição em função das doses efluente avícola, em que o tratamento com 250kg ha-1 de N foi 55% maior, quando comparado com o tratamento de 50kg ha-1 de N. Todas as características morfogênicas e estruturais avaliadas com exceção do filocrono apresentaram comportamento linear positivo. Dessa forma, o efluente de abatedouro avícola pode ser utilizado como uma alternativa para adubação do capim-piatã, pois este respondeu de maneira crescente até a dose máxima testada.
The organic fertilizer is considered a viable alternative for the production of forage grasses. However there is little information about the rates and composition of the organic fertilizers. According to this assumption the objective of this study was to figure out the best dose of effluent from poultry processing plants in order to improve the structural, morphogenetic and productive characteristics of Piata palidadegrass. The experiment was carried out at a greenhouse and performed in a completely randomized design in which five doses of effluent, 324, 648, 972, 1296 and 1620m³ ha-1 were tested and equivalent to 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250kg ha-1 de N respectively. The measured variables were: dry matter (DM), leaf appearance rate, leaf elongation rate, phyllochron, pseudo stem elongation rate, final leaf length and numbers of green leaves. The production of DM presented a linear prediction model according to the N rates, while the treatment with 250kg ha-1 de N was 55% higher when compared to the treatment with 50kg ha-1 de N. All morphogenetic and structural characteristics that were evaluated presented a positive linear fashion, except the phyllochron. Thus, the effluent from poultry processing plant may be used as an alternative to fertilization of the 'Piata' palisadegrass because this responded by increasing the maximum dose tested.